A new study led by researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has found that lower levels of vitamin D in the blood increase the risk of clinical relapse in patients with Ulcerative Colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease that causes long-lasting inflammation and ulcers in the colon. The study was published in the journal Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.
Lower vitamin D levels have been associated with active disease in patients with UC, but it has been unknown whether they increase disease relapses.
“Prior studies in patients with Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis had linked low vitamin D levels to disease flare-ups,” said senior author Alan Moss, MD, a gastroenterologist at the Digestive Disease Center at BIDMC and Associate Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School. “However, it has been unclear if the flare-up was lowering vitamin D levels, or if low vitamin D levels were causing the flare-up. We thought that if we looked at vitamin D levels when the disease was inactive and then followed patients moving forward, the impact of baseline vitamin D levels on future events may be clearer.”
Moss and colleagues collected vitamin D serum levels through a physician blinded prospective study of 70 patients with UC in clinical remission who were followed up after a surveillance colonoscopy at BIDMC. The study measured vitamin D levels in blood samples and levels of inflammation through blood tests and biopsies.
The investigators found the mean baseline vitamin D level to be lower in patients who later relapsed than those who did not.
“Patients who had higher vitamin D levels when their disease was in remission were less likely to experience a relapse in the future,” said John Gubatan, MD, a physician at BIDMC and first author of the study.
Ongoing work by Gubatan and Moss is now examining the link between vitamin D and a protein called cathelicidin in the cells lining the colon.
Citation: Gubatan, John, Shuji Mitsuhashi, Talia Zenlea, Laura Rosenberg, Simon Robson, and Alan C. Moss. “Low Serum Vitamin D During Remission Increases Risk of Clinical Relapse in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.” Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 15, no. 2 (2017).
doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.05.035.
Research funding: NIH
Adapted from press release by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.