Pathologic myopia, also known as degenerative myopia, is an extreme form of myopia characterized by severe refractive error and progressive stretching and thinning of the sclera and retina. It is one of the leading causes of legal blindness in many developed countries.This condition often leads to structural changes within the eye, including the development of staphyloma (an outpouching of the eye wall), choroidal neovascularization (the formation of new, abnormal blood vessels under the retina), and atrophic changes in the retina. These changes can result in significant visual impairment and complications such as macular degeneration, retinal detachment, and glaucoma. Management of pathologic myopia involves regular eye examinations to monitor for complications, and treatments may include laser therapy, anti-VEGF injections, or surgery, depending on the specific complications present.